U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) is the federal agency that enforces U.S. customs laws at the border and at ports of entry. In international shipping, CBP reviews imported goods, collects applicable duties and taxes, and helps determine whether cargo may enter the United States. It also works to prevent prohibited or unsafe merchandise from entering the country.
Role in import shipments
For importers and freight forwarders, CBP involvement usually begins before arrival through entry data, shipping documents, and product information. Depending on the shipment and transport mode, CBP may require a commercial invoice, packing list, bill of lading or air waybill, and other filings or permits tied to the goods. Incorrect descriptions, valuation issues, or missing data can delay release and may trigger examination.
What shippers should expect
CBP does not move the cargo itself; it regulates admission into the United States. A customs broker, importer, or authorized agent may file entries on the importer's behalf, but the importer remains responsible for accuracy and compliance. CBP may inspect shipments, request additional records, or require correction of classifications and values before release. For exporters, CBP may also be relevant when goods are leaving the U.S. under export-control or outbound reporting rules, though those requirements depend on the shipment and the agencies involved.